Mining-machine.



PATENTED SEPT. Z6, 1905.

G. 0. PALMER.

MINING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG. '1, 1903.

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No. 800,479. PATBNTBD SEPT. ze, 1905. "Q

c. o. PALMER.

MINING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 7, 1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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Witnesses;

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No. 800,479. PATENTED SEPT. 26, 1905.

G. O. PALMER.

MINING MACHINE.

APPLIUATIQN FILED AUG. 7, 190s.

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Witnesses;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MINING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 26, 1905.

Application iled August 7, 1903. Serial No.ll68,598.

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be itknown that I, CHARLES O'rIs PALMER, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mining-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in mining-machines, and the same as herein disclosed are shown as applied to a power-driven pick for coal-mining'.

The objects I have sought to attain are the construction of a relatively light thoroughlyeicient, convenient, and unimpeded machine particularly designed for the purposes of mining coal. l

In the embodiment herein shown the reciprocating pick device is constructed separate from the motor, thus making it relatively light by relieving it of considerable weight and rendering the device more easily handled and operated. It is provided with abroad depressed base, whereon it swings and which admits of the easy removal or separation of the machine from its supports. The pick and base portion are carried upon a supporting track, whereon they are longitudinally movable and may be secured in numerous positions of adjustment, and the entire device is provided with an anchoring or retaining part in the form of a drill, so positioned that the pick or tool may be freely swung to operate unimpeded throughout a relatively large angle.

Other features of my improvements will be made manifest by referring to the details of construction exemplified in the accompanying drawings, wherein is illustrated a coal-mining pick containing my said improvements adapted to be operated through the medium of a flexible shaft by an electric motor in a manner well known in the art.

In the drawings forminga part of this speciiication, Figure l is a side elevation showing in reduced scale the said mining-pick and its mounting. Fig. 2 is a top view uponalarger scale, showing the body of the machine with the cover removed and certain parts broken away.l Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the body of the machine. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the machine indicated on line 4 4, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is another sectional view of the body portion on line 5 5, Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a top View of the carriage, the head and yoke having' been removed and certain parts being shown as broken away. Fig. 7 shows` a section taken on line 7 7, Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a bottom view of the yoke. Fig. 9 is a sectional view on line 9 9, Fig. 8. Fig. l() is a section on line l0 l0, Fig. 5, but partly broken away. Fig. 11 is a top View of the front end of the supporting-track. Fig. l2 is a vertical section on line l2 l2, Fig. 1l, showing the anchoring-drill in the Hoor of the mine. Fig. 13 illustrates a modification of the anchoringdrill, indicating the mode of applying power thereto; and Fig. 14 is a section taken on line i4 14, Fig. is.

The same characters of reference are employed throughout the several figures of the drawings to indicate similar parts of the device.

Brief reference may first be made particularly to Fig. 1 in order to obtain a general idea of the features of the mining-pick. Therein the device is shown forwardly anchored upon the iioor of the mine in position to cut the kerf. A track F supports the body of the machine B upon a carriage C, Figs. 6 and 7, which is longitudinally movable upon the said track. Handles H are used to direct the blows of the reciprocating pick P, driven by means of a fieXible shaft and connected motor. (Not shown in the drawings.) YokeY mounts the body of the machine so that it may be operated in various positions of hori- Zontal and vertical angular adjustment. The supporting-track F is formed of two parallel Z-bars having their base-flanges fastened together at intervals by tie-plates 18, the upper anges of these Z-bars 17 serving toi/mount the operative parts. The carriage C is mounted to slide longitudinally on the track, being provided with four vertical studs 20, which serve as axles for the four grooved wheels 2l. The grooves of said Wheels, which are horizontally disposed, fit, respectively,over the top flanges of the Z-bars forming the supportingtrack. This construction insures a broad supporting-baseA for the carriage and pick mechanism, and the resistance to the stroke of the pick is sustained approximately in the plane of the carriage comparatively near to the Hoor of the mine.

IOO

Referring to Figs. 6to 9, it will be seen that the central portion of the carriage is formed with an annular bearing 22, having a liange or flanges 23 about part of its upper edge. The yoke Y also has an annular flanged bearing 19 24 formed `on its under side to engage the bearing and iiange provided on the carriage. To facilitate the assemblage and separation of these parts, the engaging iianges IIO upon the yoke and carriage arc provided upon alternate quarters ot' the annular bearings. Accordingly to mount the yoke upon the carriage it is necessary merely to turn the former at right angles to its normal position, when the annular bearings may at once be iitted together and the fianges be rotated into engagement, as is shown in Fig. 3. The base thus formed for the pick mechanism has twice the leverage to resist overturning that it would have were the flanges 23 24 dispensed with and the yoke Y secured b`y a center bolt in the ordinary manner. The detaining yokepin 25 is screwed into position with its inner end entering the space of one of the missing segments upon the carriage-bearing, as shown in Fig. 6, occupying therein a middle position between the flanges 23. The purpose of the said pin is to prevent the yoke Y from being' turned so far to either side that the bearing- Vfaces of the engaging segments will not be sufliciently strong to resist the considerable strain put upon these parts during the operation of the machine. This is accomplished by the engagement oi' said pin with the ed ge or' either of the flanges 23 whenever the yoke and its supported machine-body are turned through an angle approximating forty-live degrees from the middle position, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 6. Bearings are formed in the upper part or' the yoke Y, in which are mounted by horizontal trunnions 27 the machine-body B, equipped with the spindle 28, pick P, and the immediate machinery for receiving the rotary power from any suitable motor and transforming it into the reciprocatory movement of the pick. I may well advert here to the ease with which the yoke and its supported machinebody may be removed from the traveling' carriage and the purpose thereof. In blasting down the coal the work is better accomplished and the ribs between the rooms of the mine are left stronger when a shearing or vertical cut is made in the working face of the coal. The yoke Y, herein shown, is purposely made as low as possible for cutting' the kerf, and to make a shearing cut it becomes necessary to replace it by another yoke essentially the same in construction except that it is of much higher pattern, having the bearings for the trunnions considerably elevated from the track in order to permit the pick to swing through amuch greater vertical angle. These yokes may readily be interchanged. The 0perative parts of the device may be removed from the carriage and track simply by withdrawing or unscrewing pin 25, turning the machine-body crosswise of the track and lifting it oli' the carriage, the replacement or assem blage being merely a reversal of the above. The yoke is also made readily removable to facilitate handling for added compactness in transporting the machine and for adj ust-ment, cleaning, and repair. All this is provided for in the interlocking mechanism upon the yokes and carriage.

At the forward end ot' the shell or casing is the sl'iindle-guide 8i, in which slides the spindle, mounting in turn at its outer end the pick P or other suitable tool. Secured to the inner end of the spindle is the T-head 32, having a guide-rod 33 parallel to the spindle projecting from each extremity. The spindle, as usual, is keyed into place to prevent it from turning. The outer extremities of the guiderods 33 are united by a tie-bar 34, which is centrally bored in line with the spindle to Jform a bearing for the plunger 36. Slidingly mounted upon the guide-rods 3l' is a crosshead 35, having a central transverse slot and carrying the cross-head plunger 36, which iinds its stationary bearing in the lug 40, cast in the containing-shell S, thus serving to support the several parts rearwardly in the casing. Within the slotted cross-head is provided the crank-block 37, wherein is journaled the crank 38, the connected crank-shaft being journaled in bearings formed in the shell or frame above and below the cross-head. Front and rear sets of springs 41 42 are mounted upon the guide-rods abutting the cross-head, which serve to impart or transmit motion to the spindle.

The above-described arrangement of parts is extremely efiicient and evenly balanced in converting rotary into reciprocatory motion, required by the mining-pick P.

Turning loosely upon the upper end ot' crankshaft 39 is the beveled gear 45, which engages a corresponding gear 46, driven by the ilexible shaft. Keyed upon the crank-shaft, but separated from gear 45 by the friction-washer 47, is the friction-disk 48, which is reinforced by the friction-regulating nut 49. An annular flanged bearing 50 is provided for the iiexible shaft-shank 52, as shown in Fig. l0, the same slipping over the top of the crank-shaft bearing and being concentric therewith. This concentric bearing is secured to the upper face of the shell or casing by means of bolts 5i, which are adapted to enter any of a series of tapped holes 55, provided in the cover or top of the casing. Accordingly the `liexible shaftshank 52'may be secured in any desired position of angular adjustment with relation to the crank-gear 45, thus permitting the motor to be conveniently placed where desired in the room oi" the mine. As already stated, this moter preferably is one driven by electric power and is coupled to the shank 52 by means oi' a flexible shaft-features well known in the art and requiring no illustration herein. The adjustment just described permits the transmitting-gear and motor to be placed in substantial alinement to obviate unnecessarily bending the iiexible driving-shaft. rlhe segmental slots formed in the flange of the concentric bearing permit a wide range of ad- ICO TIO

justment upon the cover 53, which is itself secured upon the machine by bolts 54. Power is th us directly transmitted through the meshing' gears 46 45, washer 47, friction-disk 48, crank-shaft 39, crank 38, crank-block 37 to the cross-head 35, where it is converted from rotary to reciprocatory motion, which in turn is imparted through springs 41 42, guide-rods 33, and spindle-head 32 to the spindle 28, carrying the pick.

On the under side of carriage C are formed two lugs wherein the retaining-bolt 60 slides transversely of the track, entering' any one of the series of holes or detents 61 provided in the web of the Z-bar adjacent. Acollar 62 A is secured on the said bolt between its bearings and has the spring 63 upon one side thereof and the encircling lever 64 on the other. The spring serves to maintain the bolt in its extended or locking position, while the lever upon being moved into the position indicated by the dotted lines acts to free the bolt from engagement with the framedetents and permits the carriage to be moved longitudinally on the track. It is simple, quick, and positive in locking and unlocking the carriage and is superior to any device of the art of similar nature with which I am acquainted.

vln machines particularly of the type shown it is extremely desirable to have the operative parts mounted as close to the floor of the mine as may be and in position so that the pick or other tool may be freely swung upon its mountings. Accordingly the body of the machine, as shown in the drawings, preferably is carried close to the supporting-track upon a broad traveling base, and instead of a jack braced against the roof of the mine in the usual manner, which obviously would interfere with swinging the machine-body and pick, I have equipped the supporting-track with a stout anchoring-drill 72, adapted to bore a hole in the floor of the mine and retain the machine in place. Secured in the forward portion of the track by bolts 86 and studs 71 is the drillstand 70, through which passes said anchoring-drill 72, as illustrated in Figs. 11 to 14. A pin 73, Figs. 12, 13, and 14, extends radially through the upper end of the drill, being situated between the stand and the keeper 74, and thus preventing vertical movement of the drill. The upper end of the drill may be squared to fit beneath the removable hand-crank 75, provided for rotating the same, or the drill may have instead a power connection to drive it. Thus in the last two figures of the drawings is shown a construction not only setting a little lower in the track, but one provided with meshing beveled gears 76 77, respectively connected with the drill 72 and a iiexible shaft-shank 78, whereby the said drill may more readily be driven into place in the licor of the mine than when it is rotated by hand. The cross-pin herein, 73, lies in a groove in the gear 76, where it is retained by the keeper 74 engagingl it from above. Accordingly this pin serves the doublc purpose of withholding the drill from longitudinal displacement and communicating thereto the rotary motion of the gear 76. The drill may be removed by unscrewing the bolts 84 and removing` the keeper 74, whereupon the drill can be lifted out of the gear 76. This forms a very simple, efficient, and serviceable mounting for the anchoring-drill, which is seen to be particularly desirable when it is considered that said drill frequently requires removal for sharpening and that it soon wears out and must be replaced. Where the construction is comparatively light and no means for bracing the machine from above in the room of the mine are provided in accordance with the structure shown herein, the anchoring-drill preferably is made of considerable length, so that the machine will not be displaced by the reaction of the cutting-'tool upon the face of the mine-wall. When forwardly secured in the above manner by the self-entering' anchor or drill and rearwardly retained by the weight of the machine, the track affords a wide stable base for the operative parts, which may be increased in width, if desired, merely by suitably lengthening the tie-plates. The widely-separated groo'ved wheels of the carriage, engaging the upper anges of the supporting-track, also contribute materially to this end.

Although I have shown asingle anchoringdrill disposed in the forward portion of the track, it is sometimes advisable to place a similar device in the rear portion as well.

'This is especially desirable when the floor of the mine is uneven or inclined, and the track will then be held more securely in place, being anchored both at the front and rear.

IVith reference to the supporting-track, I have found the Z-bars much to be preferred to channelbars, because their ianges are broader than anyrolled on channels, which insures greater strength to resist both vertical and horizontal distortion of the track. Especially is this desirable when the grooved horizontal carriage-wheels engaging the upper flanges are employed in connection with the track, as described herein.

It will be apparent that by restricting the movement of the bolt-lever 64 to a horizontal plane said lever is adapted for use not only in withdrawing the bolt from its detents, but serves as a handle in the plane of the wheels for moving the carriage along the track-a matter of considerable convenience in the 0peration of the machine.

I claim as new the following:

1. The combination with a mining-machine, of a supportingbase therefor resting upon the iioor of the mine, an anchoring drill part relatively of considerable length mounted on and extending below said base portion adapt- ISO mlm

ed to be driven into the iioor and securely retain the base in position, and means for operating the anchoring drill part, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a mining-machine, of its base portion adapted to lie upon the floor of the mine, an anchor or stay in the form of an elongated drill mounted thereon and eX- tending beneath said base portion into the floor of the mine substantially at right angles to the stroke of the machine, and means for rotating said drill, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a mining-machine, of its supporting-track, a rotatable drill part of considerable length journaled therein and extending' downward into the floor of the mine, adapted to hold said track in position, and suitable means for rotating the drill, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with a mining-machine, of the machine-track having a Vertical drill journaled therein, extending` downward into the floor of the mine, and a suitable part or appliance fitting the upper portion of said drill for driving' the same into the floor, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination with a mining-machine, of the machine-track providedrwith a vertical drill journaled therein and extending down into the floor of the mine, a keeper fitted over thc end of said drill and bearing against a projecting part on the drill to prevent its displacement, and means substantially as described for rotating said drill and boring a hole in the fioor of the mine for retaining the machine in position, as herein set forth.

6. The combination in a mining -machine with a reciprocating tool-holder, guide-rods connected therewith, a cross-head between the same, a plunger part guiding the latter, crank mechanism for imparting reciprocatory motion to said parts, and opposing springs for transmitting said motion to the tool-holder, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination in a mining-machine with a T-headed spindle, of guide-rods secured to said head parallel with said spindle, a tie-rod at the extremity of said guide-rods, a plunger secured to the cross-head and sliding in the tie-rod, a cross-head mounted upon the guide-rods, crank mechanism associated therewith, springs abutting the cross-head adapted to transmit power to the spindle, and means for driving the crank mechanism, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination in a mining-machine, with the parallel Z-bars, of tieplates uniting their base-flanges, a traveling carriage mounting' the machine-body, and distant horizontal grooved wheels upon the carriage engaging the upper flanges of the Z-bars to form a broad traveling base for the machine, substantially as set forth.

9. In a mining-machine, the combination with the supporting base portion or track, of an anchoring drill part mounted on and extending below said base adapted to be driven into the floor of the mine for securing the base in position, and a power connection for said drill part comprising driving and driven gears, and a cross-pin entering the driven gear and the drill for securing said parts in place, substantially as set forth.

Signed at Cleveland, this 6th day of August, 1903, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES OTlS PALMER.

Witnesses:

ISAAC C. TrrUs, ALBERT LYNN LAWRENCE. 

